The Abrahamic Family: Christianity

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From human rabbi/prophet....     ...to Godlike Christ....    ...to Emperor Constantine.

Readings

Textbook:

Christianity

 

Read the following with these concerns in mind:

1.  What is the overall social and perspectival backdrop for Christianity? What were the early Christian perspectives?  How do slavery and Roman aristocracy converge?

2.  Who were the historical Jesus of Nazereth ("Christ") and St. Paul and what is the meaning of "covenant" and "salvation by faith" in this context? The convergence of European (Greek and Roman) culture with Semitic cultures.

3.  What is the meaning of "New Testament"?  How did it emerge?

4.  What is the role of the God in the new context?  How does the "God-man" of Greece and Rome (for example, Heracles/Hercules) compare with the new Christ image?

5.What is the meaning of salvation and history?  How is it more "individual" in Christianity than mass and group social as in the case of Judaism?

6.  How does the exile and return and chosen people motif play a role in Judaism which will continue to play a role in the subsequent Abrahamic traditions?

7.  What is the overall message of the axial age prophets?  What is the position of Jesus in this regard?

8.  What is the nature of the living denominations and what is their relationship to Judaism's past?

Christianity:  an Overview

Jesus of Nazereth:  along with Krishna and Rama, the only "Founder" both historical and divine

The Core Text:  The New Testament

St. Paul the Apostle: from Pharisee "hater" of Christians to Greek Interpreter of Judaism

The Early Sects: The "Judaizers"

The "Orthodox" Christians and the Origins of the Greek and Roman Catholic Churches

The "Gnostic" Christians and the Monastic Movement

Constantine the Great, Emperor of Rome, Patron of the Christians


The Holy Roman Empire: Successor to Rome?

The Orthodox/Catholic Synthesis Splits Forever:  Schism and the Birth of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches

The Eastern Orthodox Church:  Byzantium and the Eastern Roman Empire

The Roman Catholic Church:  Organization of Power in Western Europe under the Popes

The Crusades:  Western Powers "Rescue" (and Destroy) the Holy Land from Muslims

The Last Remnant of Papal Power in the Papal States

Revolt from the North:  The Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther:  Lutheranism and the Appeal to the Bible and the Individual Relationship with God

John Calvin:  The Radical Reformation and the Perspective of Northwest Europe

Roman Catholic Decline in Europe, but Expansion in the So-called "New World"


Original Source Materials:  Classic writings from the perspective of Christianity

Martin Luther's 95 Theses:  the Nail that Drove a Revolution


PowerPoint: 

Christianity:  Judeao-Greco-Roman and Post-Roman Evolution  


Lecture

Christianity: First Four Centuries: Greece meets Israel Powell, April 2008

Christianity:  Dark Ages and Rise of the Pope, Catholic expansion, Crusades, Protestants Powell April 2008


Videographies:

Thomas Merton and Chatrul Rinpoche: the Pratyekabuddha and Christian Mysticism -2005 by Jeremy Holiday

An Investigation of Buddhist Influences on the Development of Christian Monasticism by Nelson

A Comparison of Christ with Buddha by Bogdanske

A Comparative Introduction to Basic Buddhist and Christian Beliefs and Practices by Malo

A Comparative Study of the Role of Zoroastrianism in Buddhism and Christianity by Lukk

Taoism and Christianity by Hall

A Comparative Study of Compassion in Christianity and Buddhism by Beckman

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